civil war camps in maryland

It was 1942. 56,000 men died in prison camps over the course of the war, accounting for roughly 10% of the war's total death toll and exceeding American combat losses in World War I, Korea, and Vietnam. Author Robert Plumb reads from McClellands letters and narrative excerpts from his book, Between 1861 and 1865, some 29 Union regiments from 13 states stationed at Muddy Branch guarded the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Potomac River crossings in the general area between Seneca and Pennyfield Locks. [76] Other witnesses including Booth himself claimed that he only yelled "Sic semper! WebColonial Wars Pequot War French & Iroquois Wars King Philip's War Pueblo Rebellion Dr. Edward Stonestreet of Rockville served as Montgomery County Examining Surgeon in 1862, performing physical examinations on local Union Army recruits and draftees. Lucius Eugene Chittenden, U.S. Treasurer during the Lincoln Administration, described the dreadful and horrifying conditions Union soldiers found at Belle Isle: "In a semi-state of nuditylaboring under such diseases as chronic diarrhea, scurvy, frost bites, general debility, caused by starvation, neglect and exposure, many of them had partially lost their reason, forgetting even the date of their capture, and everything connected with their antecedent history. One smallpox outbreak claimed the lives over 300 men during the winter of 1862 alone. Elmira Prison, also known as "Hellmira," opened in July of 1864. By the end of the war, 1 in 3 men imprisoned at Florencedied. 127 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick The Lost Order Shrouded in a Cloak of Mystery Antietam Campaign 1862 After crossing the Potomac River early in September 1862, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee reorganized the Army of Northern Virginia into three separate wings. WebThe Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area is ideally positioned to serve as your "base camp" for driving the popular Civil War Trails and visiting the battlefields and sites of Antietam, Gettysburg, Monocacy, South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, Baltimore and Washington, D.C. A Field Guide to Civil War Statues in WashingtonSpeaker: James H. Johnston. Antietam Camp #3 is part of the Department of the Chesapeake, which includes Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. WebOfficially named Camp Hoffman, the 40-acre prison compound was established north of In Western Maryland, Lees efforts came to head with the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War at Antietam. During the American Civil War (18611865), Maryland, a slave state, was one of the border states, straddling the South and North. The Battle of Monocacy was fought on July 9, just outside Frederick, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864. In early summer 1864, theUnions prospects for victory in the Civil War brightened when Union General Ulysses Grant besiegedRichmond. Those who voted for Maryland to remain in the Union did not explicitly seek for the emancipation of Maryland's many enslaved people, or indeed those of the Confederacy. The new constitution came into effect on November 1, 1864, making Maryland the first Union slave state to abolish slavery since the beginning of the war. However, a number of leading citizens, including physician and slaveholder Richard Sprigg Steuart, placed considerable pressure on Governor Hicks to summon the state Legislature to vote on secession, following Hicks to Annapolis with a number of fellow citizens: to insist on his [Hicks] issuing his proclamation for the Legislature to convene, believing that this body (and not himself and his party) should decide the fate of our stateif the Governor and his party continued to refuse this demand that it would be necessary to depose him. They remembered themselves in monuments through their generals. He has been concealed for more than six months. [25] Butler then sent a letter to the commander of Fort McHenry: I have taken possession of Baltimore. See, e.g., C. R. Gibbs' Black, Copper, and Bright, Silver Spring, Maryland, 2002. He and his comrades had been captured during a bloody battle at Plymouth, North Carolina. Author Robert Plumb reads from McClellands letters and narrative excerpts from his book, Your Brother in Arms, which offer a front-line soldiers view of some of the most crucial battles fought during the Civil War from Gettysburg to Petersburg. as the first southern city occupied by the Union Army. Webeach consisting of one or more states, a Department-at-Large, a National Membership-at WebThe first Union Army "parole camp" for exchanged Northern prisoners of war, was On May 23, 1862, at the Battle of Front Royal, the 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA was thrown into battle with their fellow Marylanders, the Union 1st Regiment Maryland Volunteer Infantry. A brochure published by the home in the 1890s described it as: a haven of rest to which they may retire and find refuge, and, at the same time, lose none of their self-respect, nor suffer in the estimation of those whose experience in life is more fortunate.[83]. The very nomination of Abraham Lincoln, four years ago, spoke plainly war upon Southern rights and institutions And looking upon African Slavery from the same stand-point held by the noble framers of our constitution, I for one, have ever considered it one of the greatest blessings (both for themselves and us,) that God has ever bestowed upon a favored nation I have also studied hard to discover upon what grounds the right of a State to secede has been denied, when our very name, United States, and the Declaration of Independence, both provide for secession.[80]. Join Our Email List The broad surface of the Potomac was blue with floating bodies of our foe. The Underground Railroad Movement: Riding the Freedom Train Reenactor: Candace Ridington. Commandants purposely cut ration sizes and quality for personal profit, leading to illness, scurvy, and starvation. I turned and saw Dr. R. S. Steuart. [53] Civil War era Rare Officer's Traveling Inkwell with "[36] Although previous secession votes, in spring 1861, had failed by large margins,[22] there were legitimate concerns that the war-averse Assembly would further impede the federal government's use of Maryland infrastructure to wage war on the South. The Maryland General Assembly convened in Frederick and unanimously adopted a measure stating that they would not commit the state to secession, explaining that they had "no constitutional authority to take such action,"[19] whatever their own personal feelings might have been. However, as the war progressed, the conditions at Salisbury plummeted. [40], In another controversial arrest that fall, and in further defiance of Chief Justice Taney's ruling, a sitting U.S. Visit the battlefields & sites of Antietam, Gettysburg, Monocacy, South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, Baltimore & Washington, DC. During the American Civil War (18611865), Learn about the Underground Railroad Movement by seeing short dramatic portraits of those involved (and some opposed), both anonymous and known. Florence Stockade operated from September 1864 to February 1865 and 15,000 to 18,000 Union soldiers were processed through the camp. MCHS is supported by the Arts & Humanities Council of Montgomery County, the Maryland Historical Trust, Montgomery County Government and the City of Rockville. On September 14, 1862, Union forces led by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan met Gen. Robert E. Lee s divided army at the Battle of South Mountain. [84] Easton, Maryland also has a Confederate monument. While some historians contend that the deaths were chiefly the result of deliberate action/inaction on the part of Captain Wirz, others posit that they were the result of disease promoted by severe overcrowding. However, modern interpretation of the evidence suggests did in fact face real supply shortages. Of the 11,764 Confederates who entered Alton Federal Prison, no fewer than 1,500 perished as result of various diseases and aliments. On April 14, 1865 the actor John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. After he shot Lincoln, Booth shouted "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). Not every experience behind camp walls was the same, however. [43] The provisions of May's bill were included in the March 1863 Habeas Corpus Act, in which Congress finally authorized Lincoln to suspend habeas corpus, but required actual indictments for suspected traitors. P ri mary source material documenting the inhumane conditions in Civil War prisoner of war camps abounds. One prisoner commenting on the daily death toll and foul conditions proclaimed, (I) walk around camp every morning looking for acquaintances, the sick, &c. (I) can see a dozen most any morning laying around dead. An honor system was set up where each side would take care of housing its own soldiers who had been designated as being on parole, meaning they would not fight in combat unless they were formally exchanged. In July 1864 the Battle of Monocacy was fought near Frederick, Maryland as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864. [34] Indeed, when Lincoln's dismissal of Chief Justice Taney's ruling was criticized in a September 1861 editorial by Baltimore newspaper editor Frank Key Howard (Francis Scott Key's grandson), Howard was himself arrested by order of Lincoln's Secretary of State Seward and held without trial. Civil War Campgrounds Marker Inscription. McCausland had the city burned down. Book sales and signings can be included, with all of the sales proceeds going to Montgomery History. Some witnesses said he shouted "The South is avenged! Union Army Surgeon Dr. Edward Stonestreet & His Civil War Hospital in RockvilleSpeaker: Clarence Hickey. Jubal Earlys Attack on WashingtonSpeaker: James H. Johnston. Most Marylanders fought for the Union, but after the war a number of memorials were erected in sympathy with the Lost Cause of the Confederacy, including in Baltimore a Confederate Women's Monument, and a Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument. Early defeated Union forces under Maj. Gen. Lew Wallace.The battle was part of Early's raid through the While Union forces were able to gain control of the mountain, they could not stop Lee from regrouping and setting the The Man Who (Almost) Conquered Washington: Gen. John McCauslandSpeaker: James H. Johnston. [44], Although Maryland stayed as part of the Union and more Marylanders fought for the Union than for the Confederacy, Marylanders sympathetic to the secession easily crossed the Potomac River into secessionist Virginia in order to join and fight for the Confederacy. He also served two terms as Acting Assistant Surgeon with the Union Army. [68] Quartermaster John Howard recalled that Steuart performed "seventeen double somersaults" all the while whistling Maryland, My Maryland. Camp Washington (2) - A U.S. Army Camp in Maryland (1880s). The order came again from Lincoln's Secretary of State Seward. Originally constructed to hold political prisoners accused of assisting the Confederacy, Point Lookout was expanded upon and used to hold Confederate soldiers from 1863 onward. Because our textbooks and monuments are wrong. During the American Civil War (18611865), Maryland, a slave state, was one of the border states, straddling the South and North. With a death rate approaching 25%, Elmira was one of the deadliest Union-operated POW camps of the entire war. $199.99 + $17.99 shipping. [62] The battle was the culmination of Robert E. Lee's Maryland Campaign, which aimed to take the war to the North. Others suffered from harsh living conditions, severely cramped living quarters, outbreaks of disease, and sadistic treatment from guards and commandants. Hatboro, PA: Tradition Press, Whitman H. Ridgway. Request one of the following Speakers Bureau topics through ouronline form! Every purchase supports the mission. Stuart crossed the Potomac River with 5,000 horsemen including artillery at Rowsers Ford and proceeded to ransack Montgomery County. Stuarts Wild Ride Through Montgomery CountySpeaker: Robert Plumb. Confederate States Army bands would later play the song after they crossed into Maryland territory during the Maryland Campaign in 1862.[13]. There were simply too many prisoners and not enough food, clothing, medicine, or tents to go around. First, Stuarts army demonstrated their control of Rockville by rounding up Union officials and taking them prisoner. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland_in_the_American_Civil_War&oldid=1142195385, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Scharf, J. Thomas (1967 (reissue of 1879 ed.)). Spoiler alert:Washingtondidnt fall. 2023 Montgomery County Historical Society. State's participation as a Union slave state; a border state, Marylanders fought both for the Union and the Confederacy, Constitution of 1864, and the abolition of slavery. $199.99 + $17.99 shipping. WebCamp Washington (1) - A Mexican War Camp in New Jersey (1839, 1846-1848). [75] The Marylanders serving in the Union Army were overwhelmingly in favor of the new Constitution, supporting ratification by a margin of 2,633 to 263.[75].

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