wilbur tennant farm location

Similarly, DuPonts presence in the Ohio and West Virginia Chemical Valley regions really did resemble the company town vibe portrayed in Dark Waters, with citizens frequently too enthralled by the multinationals economic benefits to question its impact on their health and safety. 3M and DuPont have argued in court and in public statements that neither chemical is harmful to people at typical levels of exposure. The Devil We Know: Directed by Stephanie Soechtig, Jeremy Seifert. It was really his dedication to bringing that out that really inspired me to try to find a way to address the bigger problem., Amazingly, the Pakula-esque paranoid thriller scene, in which Wilbur Tennant spots a low-level helicopter hovering ominously over his property, uses the scope of his hunting rifle to better examine the vehicle, and scares it off in the process, did in fact occur. This cookie is associated with Django web development platform for python. The olive green water had a greenish brown foam encrusting the grassy bank. His pleas for help fell on deaf ears, according to the Huffington Post's article, "Welcome to Beautiful Parkersburg, West Virginia." Black smoke curled into the daylight. However, the company didn't tell employees or regulators and ended the study, the Huffington Post reports. A key component of Teflon was C8, also known as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). It also helps in fraud preventions. This cow died about twenty, thirty minutes ago, Earl said. The visit to the Grahams' farm was one of his happiest childhood memories. Call him, they suggested. "If we can't get where we need to go to protect people through our regulatory channels, through our legislative process, then unfortunately what we have left is our legal process," Bilott told Time in November 2019. Today, that site is home to Chemours Washington Works, a spinoff of DuPont that employs more than 600 people and produces a variety of products used in construction, aerospace, and household goods. Bilott found studies that potentially linked PFOA with a variety of cancers, birth defects, and illnesses. He couldnt quite place it. A creek connects the landfill and the fields of Tennant's farm. Bilott created a timeline that showed what DuPont and 3M knew about the chemicals. Ill do something about it.. Bilott later determined it was one of the forever chemicals perfluorooctanoic acid, commonly referred to today as PFOA. When he noticed his cows were mysteriously dying, he filmed what was happening on the farm, and the toxic legacy of C8 - DuPont's Teflon chemical - was discovered. He knew his neighbors and his community was being poisoned, Bilott told the Post. The farmers name was Wilbur Earl Tennant. Wilbur Tennant shot this video on his property between 1995 and 1997. Tennants Farm Pond Dam, Wood County, West Virginia. (Chicago Tribune Handout). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Dark Waters'messed up true story reveals an emerging public health and environmental threat, the pervasiveness of "forever chemicals," and an alleged corporate cover-up. Thank you for helping us continue making science fun for everyone. These emerging contaminants linger, breaking down only when incinerated at very high temperatures. "The innards was bright green.". Listen to an interview with Bilott about the chemical lawsuits on Science Friday. New York, NY 10004. PFAS are ubiquitous. May 15, 2009; Location: Washington, West Virginia; Tribute & Message From The Family. As company scientists noted in internal documents, Nine out of ten people in the highest-dosed group were noticeably ill for an average of nine hours with flu-like symptoms that included chills, backache, fever, and coughing.. DuPont then really did proceed to turn that plot into a dumping ground for sludge that it knew to be toxic, going so far as to quietly conduct tests for perfluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA, in the nearby river and expressing concern for the health of the Tennants livestock in internal documents nearly a decade before they would be denying culpability and blaming the Tennants in court. As in the movie, these events really did lead to a large class-action suit that triggered a massive epidemiological study that, after a yearslong wait, showed there really was a probable link between PFOA and certain conditions, including high cholesterol, kidney cancer, and testicular cancer, though the movie depicts one scientist going so far as to tell Bilott that the results are irrefutable. (DuPont has continued to deny that it did anything wrong.). The farmer, Wilbur Tennant of Parkersburg, W.Va., said that his cows were dying left and right. . PFOA is part of a larger class of PFAS chemicals. About 600 are in use today, according to the EPA. Excerpt from Exposure: Poisoned Water, Corporate Greed, and One Lawyers Twenty-Year Battle against DuPont. Given the fact that the events depicted on the Tennant cattle farm in Parkersburg, West Virginia, are Dark Waters' most important evidence, the filmmakers should have treated them with the utmost authenticity - to their credit, they did for the most part.Wilbur Tennant's brother Jim really was a DuPont employee who got sick with a disease the doctors couldn't diagnose; and the chemical . We'll assume you're okay with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. The sp_landing is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content. Editors note: In 1999, Robert Bilott sued E.I. A month before DuPonts letter about PFOA, the Minnesota-based conglomerate 3M announced it would stop making a chemical with a similar sounding name: perfluorooctane sulfonic acid or PFOS. He walked there every day to count heads and check fences. Two weeks after he filmed the foamy water, Earl aimed the camcorder at one of his cows. Wilbur Tennant is one farmer in a community who sees DuPont as something more than an employer. When their attorney, Robert Bilott of Cincinnati, asked the EPA to order DuPont to stop using C8, the company sought a restraining . LinkedIn sets the lidc cookie to facilitate data center selection. DuPont's own instructions specified that it was not to be flushed into surface water or sewers," according to the New York Times Magazine. Even down near the tips of it. But what about the alarming moment when a fire breaks out at the home of Joseph Kigers father, who shares his name? In April 2000, after 3M conducted tests and studies on a similar, sister chemical to C8 (PFOA) called PFOS, the company notified the Environmental Protection Agency it found that "even modest exposure could have devastating health effects" and started to phase out PFOS use, as well as PFOA, according to the Huffington Post. Google DoubleClick IDE cookies are used to store information about how the user uses the website to present them with relevant ads and according to the user profile. Tennant didnt live to witness the scope of what unfolded after he persuaded Bilott to file the lawsuit about his dead cows. Sometimes the cattle watered at a spring-fed bathtub trough at the farthest end of the field, but mostly they drank from Dry Run. Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to record the user consent for the cookies in the "Advertisement" category . Her white hide was crusted with diarrhea, and her hip bones tented her hide. Even though he sold them to be finished and slaughtered for beef, he didnt have the heart to kill one himself, unless it had a broken leg and he needed to end its suffering. All contents 2023 The Slate Group LLC. The symptoms shown in the movieincluding such discolorations as blackened teethare also similar to the ones that Tennant really did videotape before sending the tapes to Bilott. During the course of the litigation, we have confirmed that the chemicals and pollutants released into the environment by DuPont may pose an imminent and substantial threat to health and the environment, Bilott wrote at the beginning of his March 6, 2001, letter. It all started with Wilbur Tennant's dying cows. Vacillating Wildly From Dispiriting to Exhilarating, A New Biopic Reduces One of Historys Greatest Writers to a Cottagecore Emo Girl, How Steven Spielbergs Autobiographical New Movie Rewrites His Story, The Lawyer Who Became DuPonts Worst Nightmare, He knew his neighbors and his community was being poisoned, commissioned a photographer to take aerial photos. That day had never come, so he decided he would make them watch a video. But a single letter, sent by a DuPont scientist to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, began unraveling a more alarming story. In 2000, Bilott found notations on an internal DuPont document that referred to a chemical called perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), also known as C8, in Dry Run Creek. He hardly ever saw minnows swimming in the creek anymore, except the ones that floated belly up. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Wilbur Tennant shot this video on his property in the 1990's. Tennant was a farmer who sold part of his land in Parkersburg, West Virginia, to DuPont, for what the company had assured him would be a non-hazardous landfill. 1: The Farm. It kicked and thumped and wallered around there like you wouldnt believe.. It turned out 3M also made PFOA and sold it to DuPont, which used the chemical cousin of Scotchgard to keep Teflon from clumping during production. "Hold on to something," Jim Tennant warned as he fired up his tractor. Tennant is convinced that a landfill operated by the DuPont company upstream from his farm is the cause of the continuing maladies suffered by his cattle and his family. Thing was, time was running out. It dont do you any good to go to the DNR about it. LinkedIn sets this cookie to store performed actions on the website. Now it looked like dirty dishwater. Thats the water right there, underneath that foam, the farmer said. Initial data showed evidence that it did. Wilbur Tennant, played by Bill Camp in the film, showed Bilott videos and pictures he had taken of his cows foaming at the mouth and staggering in ways they hadn't before, with lesions covering . The flies hummed as loud as bees. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Per the article, "In March 1981, DuPont sent a pathologist and a birth defects expert to review the 3M data Bailey had read about in the locker room. And theyre going to find out one of these days that somebodys tired of it.. death of 260 cattle in West Virginia. Sue Bailey was pregnant when she worked in the Teflon division of the plant. The problem had to be Dry Run, he thought. And, like many Grisham novels, it's a tale worthy of the big screen. Did they think no one would notice? This cookie, set by Cloudflare, is used to support Cloudflare Bot Management. Exposure: Poisoned Water, Corporate Greed, and One Lawyers Twenty-Year Battle against DuPont. That things about . June 14, 2022; salem witch trials podcast lore In 2005, the company agreed to fund studies on the health effects of C8. Flies. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. In 1998, corporate lawyer Robert Bilott ( Mark Ruffalo) is approached by Wilbur Tennant ( Bill Camp) a farmer from his hometown of Parkersburg, West Virginia. I fed her at least a gallon of grain a day. Then he wrote a 19-page letter, attached some of the industry documents and mailed the package to officials at the EPA and the Department of Justice. In 1999, a farm farmily sued DuPont for the death of their cattle and the ill health of exposed family and farm workers. The carcass was starting to smell. Born: March 6, 1942 . Behind him, white-faced Herefords grazed in rolling meadows. Attorney Rob Bilott discusses the Fight Forever Chemicals campaign on Nov. 19, 2019. Bill Pullman was portraying me, and hes taller and younger, and everyone appeared to be drinking. It contained an extraordinarily high concentration of PFOA. . Trial lawyer Harry Deitzler, whos played by Bill Pullman in the film, told Slate in a telephone interview that while Dark Waters captured Bilotts sense of commitment and general modesty, it was less accurate in its depiction on one particular issue: Robert Bilott has not been known to be an especially big fan of Mai Tais, either in general or on special occasions. He started the legal process in 1999 against DuPont by filing motions compelling it to turn over documents pertaining to hazardous materials used at the Washington Works plant near Parkersburg. She had spent the summer in the hollow, drinking out of Dry Run until shed started to act strangely. The farmhouse stood at the foot of a sloping meadow that rose into a bald knob. Dry Run was less than a miles walk from the home place, across Lee Creek, through an open field, and along a pair of tire tracks. I dont understand them great big dark red places across there. He was an excellent marksman, and his family had always had enough meat to eat. Robert Bilott is a partner at Taft, Stettinius & Hollister LLP in Cincinnati, Ohio. Dry Run used to flow gin clear. Used by Yahoo to provide ads, content or analytics. Records obtained by Bilott showed DuPont had determined in 1961 that PFOA is toxic in animals. The film seems to imply that the fire might have been an arson attempt that hit the wrong house, though it doesnt suggest who might have lit it. GRAPHIC CONTENT: An excerpt from Wilbur Earl Tennant's video showing the mysterious wasting disease affecting his cows in the 1990s. While the character of the hand-wringing Taft lawyer James Ross, portrayed by The Good Places William Jackson Harper, seems to have been invented, along with the scene where Ross suggests that Bilotts class-action suit might read to the public as nothing more than a shakedown of an iconic American company, Bilott did tell the New York Times that he perceived that there were some What the hell are you doing? responses within the firm. VigLink sets this cookie to show users relevant advertisements and also limit the number of adverts that are shown to them. For example, the DuPont executive played by Victor Garber, Phil Donnelly, seems to be a composite, and the scene where he turns on Bilott, hissing at him, Fuck you, hick, appears to be invented. November 25, 2019 12:03 PM EST. Twitter sets this cookie to integrate and share features for social media and also store information about how the user uses the website, for tracking and targeting. Issued by Microsoft's ASP.NET Application, this cookie stores session data during a user's website visit. Ken Wamsley spent nearly 40 years working at DuPont Washington Works plant, and some of that time, he measured levels of the chemical C8 (PFOA). Recently, the cows had started charging, trying to kick him and butt him with their heads, as this one had before she died. He zoomed in. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better experience for the visitors. Bilott's connection to Parkersburg dated back to his childhood, when he spent summers there visiting his grandmother, and her friend is the one who suggested to Wilbur Tennant that he call Bilott, an environmental lawyer at Cincinnati firm Taft Stettinius & Hollister, for help. He sued DuPont again on behalf of thousands of people who lived near the Teflon plant and for decades had been exposed to PFOA through drinking water and air pollution. And, based on Centers for Disease Control data, PFAS chemicals were found the blood of 98 percent of people studied. The other companies named in the lawsuit did not respond to Time's requests for comment. Turns out his grandmother lived in the same town as the farmer and that's the connection that brought the underdog and the hero together. During the years before DuPont settled the lawsuit paying the Tennants an undisclosed amount without assigning blame for the dead cows the company sent Bilott boxes of documents he requested through the normal court process. 'Dark Waters' is an upcoming American legal thriller helmed by Todd Haynes. When the cattle on Wilbur Earl Tennant's farm began to mysteriously fall ill and die, he suspected it wasn't what the animals were eatingit was what they were drinking. It was different from the regular dead-cow smells he had dealt with all his life. And if it weren't for one West Virginia farmer, Wilbur Tennant, we still might not know much about them. It wasnt his first. Location of conflict: Little Hocking, City of Belpre, Tuppers Plains, Village of Pomeroy, Lubeck Public Service District, and Mason County Public Service District: . Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. Tennant Farm, December 1999, from DuPont Cattle Team Report. C8 and other long-chain per-fluorinated chemicals are used in a myriad of household, industrial, and commercial products. It flowed through a corner of the three-hundred-acre farm, in a place Earl called the holler. A small valley cut between hillsides, the holler was where he moved the herd to graze throughout the summer. DuPont's Washington Works plant in Parkersburg, West Virginia. Both companies denied any wrongdoing. The campaign coincided with the release of the film "Dark Waters" starring Mark Ruffalo inspired by the true story of Bilott, who discovered a community had been dangerously exposed for decades to deadly chemicals. Dark Waters tells the true story of American farmer Wilbur Tennant who calls on lawyer Rob Bilott (Mark Ruffalo) to help him sue a chemical company Credit: Focus Features. Tennant's farm is close to a newly DuPont-owned landfill. The same year, DuPont found that water in one local district contained PFOA levels at three times that figure. DuPont later paid more than $750 million to settle lawsuits filed by Teflon plant neighbors with PFOA-linked diseases, including testicular and kidney cancer, high cholesterol, ulcerative colitis, thyroid disease and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Wilbur Tennant shot this video in the late 1990s on his property in West Virginia. DuPont named this sight Dry Run Landfill after the creek that ran onto the Tennant farm. He was speaking to the camcorder pressed to his eye. Eight years later 3M paused one of its animal studies after every monkey fed PFOS died. DuPont's response was they would settle with the Tennant's however Bilott was . According to the book, DuPont had commissioned a photographer to take aerial photos of the property as part of its defense. His cattle were dying inexplicably, and in droves. His hand shook as he pressed the zoom button, zeroing in on a stagnant pool. DuPont responds with a study of the Tennant farm conducted with the Environmental Protection Agency (E.P.A) that . The calf was engulfed in a black, humming mist. Todd Haynes new film Dark Waters wades into some of the most complicated topics in public health, chemistry, and the law to dramatize the story of environmental attorney Robert Bilott and his nearly two decades of civil actions against DuPont. He often walked through the woods shirtless and shoeless, his trousers rolled up, and he moved with an agile strength built by a lifetime of doing things like lifting calves over fences. The farmer, Wilbur Tennant of Parkersburg, W.Va., said that his cows were dying left and right. The goal of the merger was to combine two businesses that dabbled in . The Messed Up True Story Behind Dark Waters, Welcome to Beautiful Parkersburg, West Virginia. Dozens began dramatically losing weight, dying even after Tennant doubled their feed on the advice of veterinarians who couldnt determine what was killing the animals. wilbur tennant farm location. Still, in other scenes, such as when Bilott falsely suspects his car might be rigged with an explosive, its made clear that the events of the film are leading some of its characters to fear things that arent really there. They are everywhere. ATSDR/CDC also notes that more studies need to be done in the area of health effects, particularly on shorter-chain substances. Because I was feeding her enough feed that she shoulda gained weight instead of losing weight. Cows that drank from the creek had been healthy. "In 1991, DuPont scientists determined an internal safety limit for PFOA concentration in drinking water: one part per billion. The June 23, 2000, letter listed something in the landfill that didnt appear in the other documents or in Tafts chemical dictionaries. VigLink sets this cookie to track the user behaviour and also limit the ads displayed, in order to ensure relevant advertising. He sliced open the chest cavity, pulled out a lung, and turned the camera back on. After this sale, Tennant's cattle started to become sick and Tennant began to understand that . Its something I have never run into before., He reached back into the cow and pulled out a liver that looked about right. The Intercept notes that the legal process "uncovered hundreds of internal communications revealing that DuPont employees for many years suspected that C8 was harmful and yet continued to use it, putting the company's workers and the people who lived near its plants at risk.". He toldThe Intercept in 2015 that it bubbled up out of glass containers and "was everywhere." If Wilbur Earl Tennants cows hadnt died from a mysterious wasting disease during the 1990s, the world might have never learned about the secret history of toxic forever chemicals. None of this information was shared with the public. Her eyes were sunk deep in her head. DuPont bought 66 acres of the Tennant's farm land from Wilbur Tennant's brother Jim and his wife Della [1]. The sp_t cookie is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content. Nothing jumped out in page after page he reviewed, Bilott recalled. Wilbur Tennant and his wife, Sandra, won a legal settlement from DuPont two years ago after they accused the company of sickening their family and killing their cattle by dumping C8 into a landfill near their farm. Taking on the case of Wilbur Tennant (played by Bill Camp in the film), a West Virginian farmer whose land is contaminated from toxic run-off dumped near his premises by DuPont Company, Bilott (Ruffalo) quickly encounters the gargantuan machine of corporate disinformation, negligence, cover-up, and strong-arm tactics that allow the company to . As a boy, he had cooled his bare feet in this creek. YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. The suit alleges negligence claiming the chemicals contaminated the state's natural resources, according to New Hampshire Public Radio. At 72, Jim is so slight that he nearly . PFOA and PFOS are among more than 9,000 versions of synthetic chemicals known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAS. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Once this came to light, reports indicate, the Tennants settled their lawsuit against DuPont in August 2000, but the fight wasn't over. The cookie does not store any personally identifiable data. "I've been dealing with this for . . It is a chemical used in the manufacturing process of Teflon. oh, two-thirds bigger than it should be., The kidneys, too, looked abnormal. People who didn't know him very well called him Wilbur, but friends and family called him Earl. In Minnesota, 3M paid an $850 million settlement after the states attorney general used the industry documents in a lawsuit demanding clean drinking water for communities near one of its manufacturing plants outside Minneapolis. His cattle now drank from its pools. Robert Bilott (born August 2, 1965) is an American environmental attorney from Cincinnati, Ohio.Bilott is known for the lawsuits against DuPont on behalf of plaintiffs injured by waste dumped in rural communities in West Virginia. A group of citizens in West Virginia challenges a powerful corporation to be more environmentally responsible. Isnt that lovely?. Among the files, many mentions of the chemical PFOA, also known as C8, a slippery surfactant, that was first produced by DuPont in 1938, appeared. It was small and ephemeral, fed by the rains that gathered in the creases of the ancient mountains that rumpled West Virginia and gave it those misty blue, almost-heaven vistas. Wilbur Earl Tennant and his siblings took over the land when their father abandoned them in the 1950s, according to the Huffington Post. The local employer wanted to buy some of their property for a landfill for its Washington Works plant nearby, where it produces, among other things, Teflon, which contains the chemical C8. The Post read a statement from DuPont that reiterated the company's commitment to health and safety and protecting the environment: "Although DuPont does not make the chemicals in question, we have announced a series of commitments around our limited use of PFAS and are leading [the] industry in supporting federal legislation and science-based regulatory efforts to address these chemicals." emily in paris savoir office. Copyright 2019 by Robert Bilott. Photos by Focus Features and EPK. Nearly 70,000 people participated. The campaign coincided with the release of the film "Dark Waters" starring Mark Ruffalo inspired by the true story of Bilott, who discovered a community had been dangerously exposed for decades to deadly chemicals. In May 2015, a consortium of scientists across many disciplines released a document called the Madrid Statement. This cookie is set by the provider Akamai Bot Manager. Behind him, white-faced Herefords grazed in . Rob Bilott's Exposure is a real-life whodunit, a page-turning courtroom drama, a David-and-Goliath story of one man against an industrial colossus and a shocking expos of America's utterly broken environmental policy.You should also take this book personally - because the "exposure" of the title is yours. And of course, he knew all about Dry Run Landfill, a DuPont waste site near his farm that largely served the company's chemical plant near Parkersburg. It's the messy, real story behind Focus Features' Dark Waters movie, starring Mark Ruffalo as Robert Bilott, the corporate lawyer turned environmental activist who led an epic legal fight against chemical titan DuPont. wilbur tennant farm location . His mothers grandfather had bought this land, and it was the only home he had ever known. As unbelievable as it may sound, DuPont really did, in the 1960s, offer some of its staff Teflon-laced cigarettes as a human experiment into the potential side effects of the PFOA-produced nonstick material, as the movie recounts. just a dukes mix of everything. Until lately, the cattle always fattened up nicely on that, plus the corn he grew to finish them and a grain mix he bought from the feed store. are linked to DuPont's landfilling of PFOA. This cookie is installed by Google Universal Analytics to restrain request rate and thus limit the collection of data on high traffic sites. It was contaminated with high levels of PFOA. Just months before Rob Bilott made partner at Taft Stettinius & Hollister, he received a call on his direct line from a cattle farmer. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Teflon came into prominence in the 1940s, and with it came DuPont's rise as a chemical giant. He zoomed out and panned over to an industrial pipe spewing froth into the creek. Birds sang through the white-hot humidity as he panned the camcorder across the creek. He didnt believe it anymore. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Like the movie, Richs article portrays Bilott as an unassuming and understated man driven by an innate sense of decency. "Mysterious wasting disease" and. Wilbur Tennant explained that he and his four siblings had run the cattle farm since their father abandoned them as children. Deitzler suggests it would have been a historic first for no partners at a firm of Tafts size and corporate client base to express qualms about a class-action suit of this kind. . GRAPHIC CONTENT: An excerpt from Wilbur Earl Tennant's video showing the mysterious wasting disease affecting his cows in the 1990s. DuPont and the family settled the lawsuit soon after Bilott shared that information with one of the companys lawyers, who had referred to PFOA in an email as the material 3M sells us that we poop into the river and into drinking water.. June 14, 2022. I dont recall him drinking, Deitzler says. In short, I was playing for the opposite team, Bilott recalled in his memoir about the lawsuit he ended up filing against DuPont and the explosive aftermath. Then one autumn day in 2000, local schoolteacher Joe Kiger . DuPont also discovered that pollution containing PFOA vented from the Washington Works plant affected the surrounding area, allegedly contaminating the local water supply, according to the New York Times Magazine. izuku has a rare quirk fanfiction; novello olive oil trader joe's; micah mcfadden parents; qatar airways 787 9 business class; mary holland married; spontaneous novel ending explained It is cut from the same cloth as movies like 'Erin Brockovich' and 'A Civil Action'. 0 Comments Comments In 1973 she [took] him to the cattle farm belonging to the Tennants' neighbors, the Grahams, with whom White was friendly. For example, New Hampshire sued 3M and DuPont, along with a handful of companies that make firefighting foam containing PFAS. song that goes bum bum bum 2020. wilbur tennant farm locationconservation international ceo. This cookie, set by YouTube, registers a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen.

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