child custody statistics by gender uk

(Office of National Statistics) In 2007, 27.6% of children lived with their mother in the UK, while just 2.4% lived only with their father. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. Compared to male offenders, a larger proportion of females were given suspended sentences. Youth custody data for October 2017 published. A BBC report suggested that in 2011 men accounted for just 8% of the UK's single parents. Youth custody report for November 2015 published. in the 14 years to March 2019, the number of young people in youth custody went down in every ethnic group. This chapter explores the activity of the police, by the sex of the suspect or offender they deal with. The statistics reported in this bulletin are primarily National Statistics[footnote 1], as drawn from either other published National Statistics bulletins or the data underpinning them. Other defendants such as companies and public bodies are also excluded. The proportion issued to females has slightly decreased over the last 5 years, from 24% in 2015. Over the last 5 years, there have been increases in female representation across almost all CJS organisations and in the proportion of senior staff. A lower proportion of females paid their PNDs in full (47%) compared to males (51%) and had a slightly higher proportion of fines registered (36% compared to 35%). This total includes exclusions from previous schools covered by the exclusion legislation.] The proportion of ineffective and cracked trials was higher for females (20% and 37%) than males (16% and 33%) in 2019. The custody rate for this offence was 19% for females in 2019, compared with 26% for males. Full details on data limitations and conclusion can be found in the technical guide. For both young males and young females that received a sentence/caution in the matched offender cohort, over half (57% of males and 61% of females) received Free School Meals (FSM). The overall child conviction ratio for indictable offences remained broadly stable since 2015, at 70%. , Other demographic data, such as age and ethnicity, are available in the Crime in England and Wales Annual Trend and Demographic Tables. Report and data for December 2017 published. Youth custody report for June 2015 published. However, given the range of recording practises (see technical guide for details) throughout the CJS, it is likely that most recording includes a mixture of physiological and personal identity. The proportion of female legal aid recipients in the Crown Court was lower with 10% of the crime higher legal aid workload in 2019[footnote 42]. For females, this was followed by strangulation, asphyxiation (17%), and, for males, hitting, kicking, etc. (18%). In the 2017/18 cohort, the reoffending rate was higher for males at 30%, compared to 23% for females. , Self-declared from HR records, as at 1 April 2019. In the same period, 16% of court reports prepared were for females, a proportion which has remained consistent in the last five years. , Persistent absence is when a pupil enrolments overall absence equates to 10 per cent or more of their possible sessions. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males. Of the sentenced prison population, sentences can be divided into two broad groups: determinate sentences which are for a fixed period, and indeterminate sentences (these include life sentences and indeterminate sentences for public protection IPPs). This chapter explores outcomes for defendants in the Criminal Justice System (CJS) predominantly drawing on data from the Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2019 publication. Youth custody report for August 2016 published. Previous data representing ages 16-59 are therefore incomparable to data after April 2017. , Information about sex was provided for all individuals in this chapter; there are no unknown or not stated cases for any of the CJS organisations discussed. Youth custody statistics for October 2013 published. Findings from a recent data sharing exercise between the MoJ and the Department for Education (DfE) are presented here, with analysis on a matched cohort of those who were in Year 6 in either 2008/09 or 2009/10 and who were aged ten at the start of those academic years[footnote 91][footnote 92]. Over the last 5 years at Crown Court, there was a steady increase in the proportion of both male and female defendants who were not remanded, with a gradual increase of the proportion remanded in custody, offset by a decrease in the proportion of those bailed. It is our intention to develop and test a new methodology that maintains our high professional standards and ensures that accurate, consistent series are available to all. Detail how users will be informed of the need for revisions. Figure 7.10: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 with Special Educational Needs without a statement, by gender and disposal category (Source: Table 7.3). If you have any feedback about the changes referred to in the introduction, or the report more generally, please contact the production team through the Justice Statistics Analytical Services division of the Ministry of Justice: , These are sourced from linked magistrates courts and Crown Court administrative data systems with a match rate of around 90%. In 2019, Black males were particularly over represented, accounting for 12% of all male prosecutions. Overall personal crime rates continue to decrease from 2015/16. The overall level of concordance between sentences proposed and sentences given (excluding Other) has fallen from 74% in 2017 to 68% in 2018 and was 60% in 2019. Theft from shops was the most common indictable offence for which 34% of females and 14% of males were convicted in 2019. Figure 4.04: Percentage of Penalty Notices for Disorder issued, by offence and sex, 2019. , Published figures for probation can be found in Offender Management Statistics quarterly. There are also sections covering statistics on out of court disposals which come from the Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019, published by the Ministry of Justice, and experimental pilot data from national Liaison and Diversion services, as supplied by NHS England. , Self-declared from HR records, for serving magistrates, as at 1 April 2020. They have been excluded from all analyses in this chapter. In the absence of any court outcome, the principal suspect is either the person considered by the police to be the most involved in the homicide or the suspect with the closest relationship to the victim. Large figures are generally presented rounded to the nearest thousand, and percentages to the nearest percentage point in the bulletin text (or however is most appropriate). My wife has confessed that when she first learned I was a single dad she automatically presumed that mum had died! This chapter (largely drawing from the Offender Management statistics Quarterly) provides statistics relating to offenders in custody or under supervision in the community, by sex. Consistently, White females and males had the shortest ACSL while Asian females and males had the longest ACSL for indictable offences in 2019 at 20.8 months and 28.4 months, respectively. This report is a compendium of information from a range of data sources from across the CJS on the representation of females (and males) among victims, suspects, defendants and offenders. , The conviction ratio is calculated by dividing the total number of defendants convicted by the total number of defendants prosecuted in the same period. Court bail includes those remanded on bail at any stage of proceedings at magistrates or Crown Court who were never remanded in custody but who may also have been not remanded at some stage of those proceedings. Drunk and disorderly accounted for the highest proportion of PNDs issued for both males and females in 2019. , Guidance to National Probation Service staff on proposing suspended sentence orders (SSO) changed in 2018, which led to substantial drops in the numbers of SSOs proposed in 2018 and 2019 resulting in volumes too low for a robust comparison. The proportion of PNDs issued to females was stable at 22% until 2018 when it fell to 19% and then to 18% in 2019. There were 5.4 million custodial parents who were supposed to receive child support in 2017, 1.2 million of which (22.2%) had family incomes below the poverty threshold. , Published figures for self-harm in prison can be found in Safety in Custody Statistics. CJS_Statistics@justice.gov.uk. Figure 7.09: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 who receiving Free School Meals, by gender and disposal category (Source: Table 7.2), Special Educational Needs (SEN)[footnote 104]. Father-headed households 400,000 families were headed by lone fathers in 2012, representing 13.5% of all single-parent households in the UK according to the Office for National Statistics. Give detailed and full explanations as to why the revisions were necessary. Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Characteristics national tables: Table CH1: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils and the end of key stage 4 by pupil characteristics. Truancy females made up 71% of the 19,600 convictions in 2019, down 2 pp from 2015. , The data in this section refers to arrests for notifiable crimes recorded by the police. , Standard PSR A standard delivery (adjourned) Pre-Sentence Report is based on a full risk assessment and is suitable for medium and high seriousness cases and/or where a custody is being considered. , The data used for this section are sourced from the magistrates court administrative database LIBRA-MIS. As a consequence, care should be taken to ensure the limitations of these data are taken into account. The processes by which other revisions will be communicated and published. Analysis of offender characteristics such as SEN and FSM is also based on academic years 2013/14 and 2014/15. Across all disposals, a larger proportion of young males had a record of receiving a fixed period exclusion compared to young females. In 2019, 50% of PNDs were paid in full, and 35% resulted in a fine for late payment. Having a SEN statement may indicate a higher level of need. A consistently lower proportion of female defendants entered a guilty plea over the last 5 years, at 66% in 2019 compared to 71% of male defendants. Please refer to the accompanying technical guide for further details. Newport, UK: Office for National Statistics. These single parents are raising as many as 22.4 million children. There was an increase in the number of females prosecuted for violence against the person offences. Email: CJS_Statistics@justice.gov.uk, Alternative formats are available on request from ESD@justice.gov.uk, Available at https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/code-of-practice/, Fieldwork for the year to March 2020 was suspended two weeks early on Wednesday the 18th March 2020, just prior to the lockdown restrictions being announced by the Government on the 23rd March 2020. In 2018/19, 12,300[footnote 30] young people engaged with liaison and diversion services, of which 19% were female. , Fast Delivery PSR (oral) The Criminal Justice Act 2003 removed the requirement for all PSRs to be written. Crime lower covers work carried out by legal aid providers regarding police station advice, magistrates court work and prison law. , This section excludes those where sex is not stated and other defendants such as companies and public bodies in total these accounted for 10% of all defendants in 2019. Of all females sentenced in 2019, Black female offenders had the highest custody rate[footnote 75] at 23%. Most of this decrease is accounted for by a reduction in the number of females prosecuted for theft offences (10,500 fewer in 2019 than in 2015), particularly theft from shops, for which there were 8,200 fewer prosecutions. , Please note that the spacing of the time period displayed does not align with the actual time scale, for example the time between sentenced to custody for 0-1 month is smaller than 6 to 12 months. Figure 5.01: The journey of males and females through the CJS, 2019. Main facts and figures. Males maintain higher risk of personal crime than females. Compared to male offenders, a larger proportion of female offenders were prosecuted for summary offences, which may account for this difference. Of the 62,800 offenders released from prison sentences in 2019, 91% were male and 9% female. Youth Custody Report for July 2013 published. , A single individual (includes people and companies) can be counted more than once in a year if they are dealt with by the CJS on more than one occasion. It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System. Five-year time series refers to 2014/15 to 2018/19. Figure 4.03: Number of Penalty Notices for Disorder issued, by sex, 2015 to 2019. No causative links can be drawn from these summary statistics, differences observed may indicate areas worth further investigation, but should not be taken as evidence of unequal treatments or as direct effects of sex. , Questions on the offence category Causing sexual activity without consent were removed from the CSEW 2019/20, therefore the total category of any sexual assault (including attempts) no longer includes this category. Overall, of the young offenders sentenced/cautioned, a larger proportion of young males (14%) had been permanently excluded compared to young females (10%). The most recent data in this report are from the Child Support Supplement (CSS) to the April 2018 Current Population Survey (CPS). , National liaison and diversion services offence groups are based on those used by the Home Office and are not directly comparable to those used in Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2019, which are used throughout the majority of this bulletin. Ministry of Justice, 3rd Floor, 10 South Colonnade, London, E14 4PU, General enquiries about the statistical work of the Ministry of Justice can be e-mailed to: ESD@justice.gov.uk, The structure and content of this report is continually being reviewed to reflect user requirements. As with PNDs, a larger proportion of female offenders were cautioned for theft offences (19% compared to 10% for males) whereas a larger proportion of male offenders were cautioned for drug offences (27% compared to 13% for females). This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. Errors in our statistical systems and processes. The study relied solely on electronically available published opinions in child custody cases (n = 4,338). However, the proportion of senior staff who were female was lower than the proportion of staff at all grades across the CJS organisations considered in this section. The Ministry of Justice would welcome any feedback on the content, presentation or on any other aspect of this bulletin we can be contacted through: Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Of all female offenders cautioned or convicted in 2019, 35% were first time offenders, compared to 22% for males. In contrast to what is seen for police and magistrates courts remand, females consistently had a higher proportion than males to be bailed at the Crown Court. In 2019, 74% of individuals dealt with by the Criminal Justice System were male, and 26% were female. Offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions. The most recent annual reoffending data available is for the 2017/18 (i.e. In 2017, the national average paid in child support to custodial parents amounted to $3,431 per year. The most common sentence for summary benefit fraud offences was a community sentence, received by 45% of females and 58% of males convicted for this offence in 2019. In 2019, the custody rate for these offences was 46% for females and 72% for males. This can be explained by a 7% rise for females and a 4% fall for males between 2018 and 2019. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. There are few comparisons to the population as a whole, but we have considered this to be 51% female, as based on Mid-year Population Estimates from the Office for National Statistics. Figure 5.03: Number of defendants proceeded against at magistrates courts, by offence type and sex, 2015 to 2019. Remands at magistrates court followed similar trends to police remands over the last 5 years, with lower proportions of female defendants bailed or remanded in custody.

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