huguenot surnames in germany
[59], By the 1760s Protestantism was no longer a favourite religion of the elite. The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. The Huguenots did not enslave people in France or Germany, but they soon took up the practice in their new homeland. Early ties were already visible in the Apologie of William the Silent, condemning the Spanish Inquisition, which was written by his court minister, the Huguenot Pierre L'Oyseleur, lord of Villiers. Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (15681609). A large monument to commemorate the arrival of the Huguenots in South Africa was inaugurated on 7 April 1948 at Franschhoek. [29], Other predecessors of the Reformed church included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, such as Jacques Lefevre (c. 14551536). [125] At the same time, the government released a special postage stamp in their honour reading "France is the home of the Huguenots" (Accueil des Huguenots). These included Languedoc-Roussillon, Gascony and even a strip of land that stretched into the Dauphin. [8] The prtendus rforms ('supposedly 'reformed'') were said to gather at night at Tours, both for political purposes, and for prayer and singing psalms. "A Letter from Carolina, 1688: French Huguenots in the New World." With each break in peace, the Huguenots' trust in the Catholic throne diminished, and the violence became more severe, and Protestant demands became grander, until a lasting cessation of open hostility finally occurred in 1598. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured some of the Huguenots. After centuries, most Huguenots have assimilated into the various societies and cultures where they settled. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. After revoking the Edict of Nantes, which granted Huguenots civil rights, in October 1685, Louis XIV forbade them to leave France on pain of imprisonment, torture and death. Many Walloon and Huguenot families were granted asylum there. [77] Their descendants in many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century. Early Notables of the France family (pre 1700) More information is included under the topic Early France Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.. France Ranking. By the time Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685, Huguenots accounted for 800,000 to 1million people. [76] Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbours. This action would have fostered relations with the Swiss. Lachenicht, Susanne. Following this exodus, Huguenots remained in large numbers in only one region of France: the rugged Cvennes region in the south. In Bad Karlshafen, Hessen, Germany is the Huguenot Museum and Huguenot archive. As a result Protestants are still a religious minority in Quebec today. Most of them agree that the Huguenot population reached as many as 10% of the total population, or roughly 2million people, on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572. In 1646, the land was granted to Jacob Jacobson Roy, a gunner at the fort in New Amsterdam (now Manhattan), and named "Konstapel's Hoeck" (Gunner's Point in Dutch). Most of the refugees from the German . The bulk of Huguenot migrs moved to Protestant states such as the Dutch Republic, England and Wales, Protestant-controlled Ireland, the Channel Islands, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the electorates of Brandenburg and the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duchy of Prussia. A rural Huguenot community in the Cevennes that rebelled in 1702 is still being called Camisards, especially in historical contexts. Huguenots were Nobles, Doctors, Lawyers, Historians, Intellectuals, Craftsman and Artisans and loyal to the Crown. It is said that they landed on the coastline peninsula of Davenports Neck called "Bauffet's Point" after travelling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution, four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Both before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, an estimated 50,000 Protestant Walloons and French Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere. [79], The Huguenots originally spoke French on their arrival in the American colonies, but after two or three generations, they had switched to English. A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the French Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598. Although relatively large portions of the peasant population became Reformed there, the people, altogether, still remained majority Catholic.[16][19]. . In Paris the spirit was called le moine bourr; at Orlans, le mulet odet; at Blois le loup garon; at Tours, le Roy Huguet; and so on in other places. ser., 64 (April 2007): 377394. [4], A term used originally in derision, Huguenot has unclear origins. The museum is situated on the second floor of the tourist information centre, and entry cost us 4.50 each fora ticket that is valid for a year. [citation needed], Following the accidental death of Henry II in 1559, his son succeeded as King Francis II along with his wife, the Queen Consort, also known as Mary, Queen of Scots. Inhabited by Camisards, it continues to be the backbone of French Protestantism. The Huguenots were French Calvinists, active mostly in the sixteenth century. The Huguenots were led by Jeanne d'Albret; her son, the future Henry IV (who would later convert to Catholicism in order to become king); and the princes of Cond. The Huguenots were French Protestants who were members of the Calvinist Reformed Church that was established in 1550. During this time, their opponents first dubbed the Protestants Huguenots; but they called themselves reforms, or "Reformed". Huguenot Memorial Park in Jacksonville, Florida. History: As a name of Swiss German origin (see 1 above) the surname Martin is very common among the American Mennonites. Item No : 360414493459 Condition : -- Category : Books & Magazines > Antiquarian & Collectible Seller : rockyiguana See more from this seller Items Specifications - Author : Ancestry Found - Language : English - Country/Region of Manufacture : United States Huguenots fled first to neighboring countries, the Netherlands, the Swiss cantons, England, and some German states, and a few thousand of them farther away to Russia, Scandinavia, British North America, and the Dutch Cape colony in southern Africa.About 2,000 Huguenots settled in New York, South Carolina, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island in the . These were especially poor wretches living in desperate circumstances or mercenaries who had been unemployed since the end of the 30 years war. It was an attempt to establish a French colony in South America. [54] An amnesty granted in 1573 pardoned the perpetrators. Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivtan published a French Bible for them. Most South African Huguenots settled in the, The majority of Australians with French ancestry are descended from Huguenots. [91][92] The immigrants included many skilled craftsmen and entrepreneurs who facilitated the economic modernisation of their new home, in an era when economic innovations were transferred by people rather than through printed works. Other refugees practised the variety of occupations necessary to sustain the community as distinct from the indigenous population. [18] He wrote in French, but unlike the Protestant development in Germany, where Lutheran writings were widely distributed and could be read by the common man, it was not the case in France, where only nobles adopted the new faith and the folk remained Catholic. Huguenot immigrants settled throughout pre-colonial America, including in New Amsterdam (New York City), some 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and some further upstate in New Paltz. The Society has chapters in numerous states, with the one in Texas being the largest. . A two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version based on his manuscript, by Jean de Rly, was printed in Paris in 1487. Michael Thomas (Thomas-10705): Johann LeBachelle (Lebachelle-13) - according to family lore, emigrated from France to Kaiserslautern, Germany c1685. But the light of the Gospel has made them vanish, and teaches us that these spirits were street-strollers and ruffians. Raymond P. Hylton, "The Huguenot Settlement at Portarlington, C. E. J. Caldicott, Hugh Gough, Jean-Paul Pittion (1987), Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:02, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, gathered in each other's houses to study secretly, Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine, Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angermnde, George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lneburg, George Lunt, "Huguenot The origin and meaning of the name", "The National Huguenot Society - Who Were the Huguenots? [citation needed], With the proclamation of the Edict of Nantes, and the subsequent protection of Huguenot rights, pressures to leave France abated. Examples include the Huguenot District and French Church Street in Cork City; and D'Olier Street in Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland. They organised their first national synod in 1558 in Paris.[40]. The government encouraged descendants of exiles to return, offering them French citizenship in a 15 December 1790 law: All persons born in a foreign country and descending in any degree of a French man or woman expatriated for religious reason are declared French nationals (naturels franais) and will benefit from rights attached to that quality if they come back to France, establish their domicile there and take the civic oath. Three hundred refugees were granted asylum at the court of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lneburg in Celle. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. John Gano. It was still illegal, and, although the law was seldom enforced, it could be a threat or a nuisance to Protestants. Research genealogy for Franklin (Frank) L. Haas of Richland, Fountain, Indiana, as well as other members of the Haas family, on Ancestry. As the Huguenots gained influence and displayed their faith more openly, Roman Catholic hostility towards them grew, even though the French crown offered increasingly liberal political concessions and edicts of toleration. "[62], Foreign descendants of Huguenots lost the automatic right to French citizenship in 1945 (by force of the Ordonnance n 45-2441 du 19 octobre 1945, which revoked the 1889 Nationality Law). They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. [68] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. ", Roy A. Sundstrom, "French Huguenots and the Civil List, 1696-1727: A Study of Alien Assimilation in England. A number of French Huguenots settled in Wales, in the upper Rhymney valley of the current Caerphilly County Borough. For example, E.I. Today I'm compiling a book titled, A JOURNEY THROUGH TIME: The changing fortunes of the Petit Family. The church was eventually replaced by a third, Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church, which contains heirlooms including the original bell from the French Huguenot Church Eglise du St. Esperit on Pine Street in New York City, which is preserved as a relic in the tower room. Huguenot Church The origin of the name Huguenot is unknown but believed to have been derived from combining phrases in German and Flemish that described their practice of home worship. By 1692, a total of 201 French Huguenots had settled at the Cape of Good Hope. L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit in New York, founded in 1628, is older, but it left the French Reformed movement in 1804 to become part of the Episcopal Church. The first Mennonite immigrants bearing this name came to PA in the first half of the 18th century. The wars ended with the Edict of Nantes of 1598, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy. The ancestral listing on our website is an "open listing" which means it is periodically updated from time to time as new information becomes available. One of the most active Huguenot groups is in Charleston, South Carolina. It moved to Rochester in 1959, and now provides sheltered homes for fifty-five residents. The Edict simultaneously protected Catholic interests by discouraging the founding of new Protestant churches in Catholic-controlled regions. 24 July, A.D. 1550. This group of Huguenots from southern France had frequent issues with the strict Calvinist tenets that are outlined in many of John Calvin's letters to the synods of the Languedoc. Around 1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard des Moulins. Wijsenbeek, Thera. There have been many migrations in Europe since the Middle . In addition, a dense network of Protestant villages permeated the rural mountainous region of the Cevennes. Page 166. Does anybody know if there was a sizeable population of French Huguenots in Leeds in the 17th and 18th Centuries? The collection includes family histories, a library, and a picture archive. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 12 . Two years later, with the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, Protestants gained equal rights as citizens.[4]. A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. Other editions - View all. Persecution diminished the number of Huguenots who remained in France. Some Huguenot families have kept alive various traditions, such as the celebration and feast of their patron Saint Nicolas, similar to the Dutch Sint Nicolaas (Sinterklaas) feast.